GENERAL INTELLIGENCE AND REASONING GUIDE FOR RRB JE BY CIVILENGGFORALL FREE DOWNLOAD PDF

TOPICS COVERED

Alphabet & Number Arrangement
Analogy & Classification
Series/Coding – Decoding
Directions
Time Sequence
Number and Ranking test
Blood Relations
Problem Solving
Logical Venn Diagram
Syllogisms
Arithmetic Reasoning
Clock and Calendar
Statement and Conclusion
Non verbal Reasoning
Spatial Ability

Note : This material consists of the topic wise problem types, required theory and explanation to solve the problems, exercises, hints and solutions for solving the exercises. Even though this book covers most of the topics required for the examination, still we recommend you to cover as many models as possible which are out of this book’s coverage.

Analogy and Classification – Types of questions

Tool & object based analogy: This establishes a relationship between a tool and the object in which it works. Similar relations has to be discovered from answer choices.
Synonym based analogy: In such type of analogy two words have similar meaning.
Causes & effect based analogy: In such type of analogy 1 st word acts and the 2nd word is the effect of that action.
Opposite relationship (Antonym) based analogy: In such type of analogy the two words of the question pair are opposite in meaning. Similar relations has to be discovered from the answer choice word pairs.
Classification based analogy: This type of analogy is based on biological, physical, chemical or any other classification. In such problems the 1st word may be classified by the 2nd word and vice-versa.
Finished product & raw material based analogy: In such type of analogy the 1st word is the raw material and 2nd word is the end product of that raw material and vice-versa.
Symbolic relationship based analogy: In such type of analogy, the 1st word is the symbol of the 2nd word and vice-versa.
Analogy based on letters (or meaningless words)

Case I: (Forward alphabetical sequence) Examples: CD: FG:: PQ: UV Here CD and FG are in the natural alphabetical sequence. Similarly, PQ & UV are in the natural alphabetical sequence.

Case II: (Backward or opposite alphabetical sequence) Example: DC: GF:: QP: VU In fact this case is opposite of case I

Case III: (Vowel – consonant relation) Example ATL: EVX:: IPR: ORS Here, the 1st two words start with the 1st two vowels A & E and the next two words start with the next two vowels I & O. Last two letter of every word are consonants.

Case IV: Example (Skip letter relation) ABC: FGH:: IJK: NOP Here between ABC & FGH two letters skip and they are D & E. Similarly, between IJK & NOP two letters skip and they are L & M. Case V: (Jumbled letters relation) Example: LAIN: NAIL:: EVOL: Love Here the 1st term gets reversed to produce the 2nd term and similar relation is shown in between 3rd and 4th term.

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Types of Classification

Letter/meaningless word based classification
Meaningful word based classification
Digit based classification
General knowledge based classification

1. Letter/meaningless word based classification – Such classifications are based on letters of English alphabet. So many groups of letters are given in the question in which one group is different from remaining groups and hence the different group will be our answer.

2. Meaningful words based classification – In such type of classification we have to take odd word out of the given group of meaningful words.

3. Digit based classification – In such type of classifications digits or numbers are given to find out one number that is not a part of the group of remaining numbers.

4. General knowledge based classification – Such classification is done on the basis of our general knowledge. No doubts that this is a word based classification but without having general knowledge this type of questions can not be solved.

SERIES/CODING AND DECODING TYPES

In number series, relationship between the terms is of any kind. For example.

Consecutive even numbers
Consecutive odd numbers
Consecutive prime numbers
Square of numbers
Cubes of numbers
Square root of numbers
Omission of certain number of letter in any consecutive order
Addition /subtraction/ multiplication/ division by some number (For Ex. A.P & G.P) or any other relation.

TYPE I (CODING BY LETTER SHIFTING)

Pattern 1: Coding in forward sequence
Pattern 2: Coding in backward sequence.
Pattern 3: Coding based on skipped sequence.

TYPE II (CODING IN FICTIONS LANGUAGE)

In some cases of coding-decoding, fictions language is used to code some words. In such questions, the codes for a group of words is given. In such types of problems, codes for each word can be found by eliminating the common words.

TYPE III (CODING BASED ON NUMBERS)

Pattern 1: When numerical values are given to words.
Pattern 2: When alphabetical code value are given for numbers.

TYPE IV (MATHEMATICAL OPERATIONS WITH THE POSITION NUMBERS OF LETTERS)

Sample Example: In a certain code, if ‘TALE’ is written as 38, then how will you code ‘CAME’ using the same coding scheme?

Explanation: Look at the numbered alphabet and write down the number corresponding to the letters of the word ‘TALE’.

T | A | L | E = 20 | 1 | 12 | 5

The fact that the code for ‘TALE’ is 38, gives you a clue that the code is probably obtained by performing an arithmatical operations of the numbers of each other. Let us see: 20 + 1 + 12 + 5 = 38 Thus, the code for ‘CAME’ is C A M E 3 + 1 + 13 + 5 = 22, hence code for ‘CAME’ = 22

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DIRECTIONS ON MAP

Important points regarding direction

If our face is towards North, then after left than our face will be it towards West while after right turn it will be towards East.
If our face is towards South, then after left turn our face will be towards East and after right turn it will be towards West.
If our face is towards East, then after left turn our face will be forwards North and after right turn it will be towards South.
If our face is towards West, then after left turn our face will be towards South and after right turn it will be towards North.
If our face is towards North-West, then after left turn our face will be towards South-West and after right turn it will be towards North-East.
If our face is towards South-West, then after left turn our face will be towards South-East and after right turn it will be towards North-West.
If our face is towards South-East, then after left turn our face will be towards North-East and after right turn it will be towards South-West.
If our face is towards North-East, then after left turn our face will be towards North-East and after right-turn it will be towards South-East.

TIME SEQUENCE

To solve problems related to time sequence, let us gather 1st the following information:

Minute = 60 seconds
Hour = 60 minutes
Day = 24 hours
Week = 7 days
Month = 4 weeks
Year = 12 months
Ordinary year = 365 days
Leap year = 366 days
Century = 100 years

RANKING TEST

In these types of questions, generally the ranks of a person both from the top and from the bottom are mentioned and the total number of persons is asked.

Formula 1: Total number of persons in a row or class = (Rank of a person from upper end or left end) + (Rank of that person from lower on right end) – 1
Formula 2: Rank of a person from lower or right end = (Total number of persons in row) – (Rank of that person from upper or left end) + 1.
Formula 3: Rank of a person from upper or left end = (Total number of persons in a row) – (Rank of that person from lower or right end) + 1

BLOOD RELATION TYPE OF PROBLEMS

General problems of blood relation
Blood relation based on family tree
Coded blood relationship.

A. Without the information of gender, no relationship can be established between two people. For example, If given that R is the child of P & Q, then we can only say that P & Q are the parents of R. But we can not find out:

(i) R is the son of P & Q or R is the daughter of P & Q.

(ii) Who is mother of R and who is father of R.

But if we have given that P is a male, Q is a female and R is male, then we can easily say that R is the son of P and Q. Further we can also say that P is father of R and Q is mother of R.

B. Gender can not be decided on the basis of name. For example in Sikh community the names like Manjit, Sukhvinder etc. are the names of both male and female. Similarly, in the Hindu Community ‘Suman’ is the name of both male and female.

Remember – Solution Tips

While solving blood relation based question, first of all find out that two persons between whom a relationship has to be established.
Next, try to find out middle relation
Finally find out the relationship between two persons to be identified for this purpose.

ABOVE THEORY IS THE BRIEF SAMPLE OF VARIOUS TOPICS EXPLANATION TAKEN FROM THIS BOOK

RRB JE GENERAL INTELLIGENCE AND REASONING GUIDE BY CIVILENGGFORALL PDF

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