STEEL STRUCTURES STUDY MATERIAL FOR RRB JE BY CIVILENGGFORALL FREE DOWNLOAD PDF

TYPES OF SECTION
TYPES OF STRUCTURAL STEELS
CONNECTIONS
FAILURE OF JOINTS
PERMISSIBLE STRESSES
ARRANGEMENT OF RIVETS
ECCENTRIC CONNECTIONS
WELDED CONNECTIONS
TENSION MEMBERS
COMPRESSION MEMBERS
EFFECTIVE LENGTH
ANGLE STRUTS
DESIGN OF COMPRESSION MEMBERS
LACINGS
BATTENS
COLUMN BASES
GUSSETED BASE
GRILLAGE FOUNDATION
SLAB BASE
BEAMS
DESIGN FOR BENDING
GANTRY GIRDERS
BUILT UP BEAMS
BEAM COLUMN
PLATE GIRDERS
WEB STIFFENERS
PERMISSIBLE BENDING STRESSES
CURTAILMENT OF FLANGE PLATES
WEB STIFFENERS
INDUSTRIAL ROOFS
PURLINS AND GRITS
ROOF TRUSS

TYPE OF SECTIONS

Rolled Steel Sections Steel structures are built with hot-rolled steel sections. The Indian Standards Institution has evolved a rational, efficient and economical series of Indian Standards (IS: 808-1964 and its parts, part I—1973, part II—1978. part III— 1979. part V—1976, and part VI—1976) for rolled steel beams, channels and angle sections to save steel in construction works. The following sections are standardized by the Indian Standards Institution.

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I-Sections

Indian Standard Junior Beams (ISJB).
Indian Standard Light Beams (ISLB).
Indian Standard Medium Weight Beams (MB).
Indian Standard Wide Flange Beams (ISWB).
Indian Standard Column Section (SC) All above I-sections are designated along with the depth the respective section in mm, e.g. MB 200 is a hot-rolled steel, medium-weight beam of depth 200 mm.

Channel-sections

Indian Standard Gate Channel (ISPG).
Indian Standard Junior Channel (ISJC).
Indian Standard Light Channel (ISLC).
Indian Standard Medium Weight Channel with sloping flange (MC).
Indian Standard Medium Weight Channel with parallel flange (MCP). All the above hot-rolled channel sections are designated along with the depth of the respective section, e.g. MC 200 is a medium weight channel of depth 200 mm.

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Angle-sections

Indian Standard Equal Angles.
Indian Standard Unequal Angles. Angle-sections are designated by abbreviation ISA along with the lengths of both legs and their thickness, e.g., ISA 6565, 8 mm or ISA 65 x 65 x 8 mm is an equal-angle section 8 mm thick and with both legs 65 mm long. The supplementary angle sections are designated by the size of “legs and their thickness without the prefix ISA.

Tee-sections

Indian Standard Rolled Normal Tee Bars (ISNT).
Indian Standard Rolled Deep Legged Tee Bars (ISDT).
Indian Standard Slit Light Weight Tee Bars (ISLT).
Indian Standard Slit Medium Weight Tee Bars (ISMT).
Indian Standard Slit Tee Bars from H-sections* (ISHT). Tee-sections are designated by the respective abbreviations followed by their depth, e.g. a normal tee-bar of depth 100 mm is designated by ISNT 100.

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BOLTED JOINTS

Bolts may be used in place of rivets for structure not subjected to vibrations. The following types of bolts are used in structures:

(i) Black bolts:

Hexagonal black bolts are commonly used in steel works.
They are made from low or medium carbon steels
They are designated as black bolts M × d × l Where, d = diameter, and l = length of the bolts.

(ii) Precision and Semi Precision Bolts:

They are also known as close tolerance bolts.
Sometimes to prevent excessive slip, close tolerance bolts are provided in holes of 0.15 to 0.2 mm oversize. This may cause difficulty in alignment and delay in the progress of work.
Types of Riveted and Bolted Joints

There are two types of riveted or bolted joints.

(i) Lap joint:

The lap joint is that in which the plates to be connected overlap each other.
The lap joint may have single-row, staggered or chain riveting.

(ii) Butt Joint:

The butt joint is that in which the plates to be connected butt against each other and the connection is made by providing a cover plate on one or both sides of joint.
The butt joint may have a single row or staggered or chain riveting.

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COMMON TERMS

Nominal diameter (d) The diameter of the shank of a rivet before riveting, is called the nominal diameter. For a bolt, the diameter of the unthreaded portion of the shank is called its nominal diameter.
Effective diameter or gross diameter: The effective or gross diameter of a rivet is equal to the diameter of the hole it fills after riveting. For a bolt, the nominal diameter is same as the gross diameter.
Net area: The net area of a bolt is the area at the root of the thread.
Gauge: A row of rivets parallel to the direction of force is called a gauge line. The normal distance between two adjacent gauge line is called the gauge.
Edge distance: It is the distance between the edge of a member or cover plate and the centre of the nearest rivet hole.
Proof load: Initial tension in HSFG bolts is known as proof load of the bolt.
Slip Factor: Coefficient of friction in friction type joint is known as slip factor.
Pitch: The distance between centres of any two adjacent rivets parallel to the direction of force is called pitch. Diagonal pitch is the distance between centres of any two adjacent rivets in the diagonal direction is called diagonal pitch.