SURVEYING

PART-2

MADE EASY GATE HANDWRITTEN CLASSROOM NOTES

FREE DOWNLOAD PDF

Surveying Made Easy GATE Handwritten Classroom Notes Part-2 PDF Download for free exclusively at CivilEnggForAll

Surveying Made Easy GATE Handwritten Classroom Notes Part-2 PDF

PLEASE NOTE : WE PROVIDE ONLY VERIFIED NOTES AND MATERIALS. ALL THE OTHER NOTES WHICH ARE AVAILABLE IN THE INTERNET WITH THE NAME MADE EASY CIVIL NOTES ARE FAKE AND ARE NORMAL CLASSROOM NOTES OF SOME COLLEGE. WE ALWAYS TRY TO BRING OUT QUALITY NOTES FOR FREE AND FOR THE SAKE OF STUDENTS WHO ARE REALLY WORKING HARD DAY AND NIGHT AIMING GOOD GATE/IES RANKS.

Plane Table Surveying :

There are four methods
1. Radiation
2. Intersection
3. Traversing
4. Resection

Radiation and Intersection methods are used for locating the position objects on the drawing whereas Traversing and Resection methods are used for locating the position of instruments station on the drawing.

Tacheometer Surveying :

Using a Tacheometer staff reading can be read to calculate the Reduced Level of a point as well as the distance of the staff location from the instrument.

Terrestrial Photogrammetry Terminology :

Camera Axis : Line joining the principal points and focal point is called camera axis.

Picture Plane : Positive photograph on which image are in same direction as of objects is picture plane.
Negative Plane : Negative photograph on which image is in reverse direction of object is called Negative Plane
Focal Length : Distance from focal point to principle point is focal length.
Principal points : Intersecton of two axis drawn on the photograph are principal points. Intersection of camera axis and principal line.
Principal Line : The vertical line passing from K of photograph is principal line
Principal Plane : The plane containing camera axis and principal line is principal plane.

Aerial Photogrammetry Terminology :

Vertical Photograph : Camera axis is vertical
Tilted Photograph : Camera axis is at an inclination
High Oblique : If sky is visible in photograph, it is high oblique
Low Oblique : If sky is not visible in the photograph, it is low oblique. (Horizon is not visible)

Exposure Stations : From where the photograph have been taken is exposure station
Flying Height : Height of the camera from Mean Sea Level is flying height
Flight line : The line along which Airplanes will be flying is called Flight Line

Precision :

Degree of accuracy used in a measurement is called precision. By using precise instrument reading the values will be correctly done and skilled manpower.

Accuracy :

Degree of accuracy obtained. The more the measurement is nearer to the correct value, the measurement is more accurate.
True Value : The exact correct value of a quantity is true value.
True error : The different between exact correct value and measured value is called true error.