IRRIGATION

ACE ACADEMY IES ESE HANDWRITTEN CLASSROOM NOTES

ENGINEERING SERVICES GOVT EXAMINATION NOTES

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Irrigation IES ESE Exam Ace Academy Handwritten Classroom Notes PDF Free Download only at CivilEnggForAll

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Irrigation IES ESE Exam Ace Academy Handwritten Classroom Notes PDF

Flood routing is the technique of determining the food hydrograph at a section of river by utilizing the data of flood flow at one or more up stream sections. The hydro-logic analysis of problems such as flood forecasting, flood protection, reservoir de- and spillway design invariably include flood routing. In these applications two broad categories of routing can be recognised. These are: 1. Channel routing 2. Reservoir routing

And in Reservoir routing the effect of a flood wave entering a reservoir is studied. Knowing the volume elevation characteristic of the reservoir and the outflow-elevation relationship for the spillways and other outlet structures in the reservoir, the effect of a flood wave entering the reservoir is studied to predict the variations of reservoir elevation and outflow discharge with time. This form of reservoir routing is essential (i) in the design of the capacity of spillways and other reservoir outlet structures, (ii) in the location and sizing of the capacity of reservoirs to meet specific requirements .

In Channel routing the change in the shape of a hydrograph as it travels down a channel is studied. By considering a channel reach and an input hydrograph at the upstream and, this form of routing aims to predict the flood hydrograph at various sections off the reach. Information on the flood-peak attenuation and the duration of high-water levels obtained by channel routing is of utmost importance in flood forecasting operations and flood-protection works.

A variety of routing methods are available and they can be broadly classified into methods employ essentially the equation of continuity. Hydraulic methods, on the other hand, employ the continuity equation together with the equation of motion of unsteady flow. The basic differential equations used in the hydraulic routing, known as St. Venant equations afford a better description of unsteady flow than hydrologic methods